How will The Cloud change the way we think about music ownership?

cloud music[A discussion yesterday with the Grooveshark guys about Cloud Music was thought-provoking. Some of my thoughts are captured in this CrunchGear article. How far away is music as a cloud service/utility. The Grooveshark team can also consider my posting of this Grooveshark-less article as me throwing down the gauntlet for all of them to join the conversation over here...]

One of the highlights of last week’s SXSW show, aside from seeing the Austin Crew again (hi, guys!), was when I spent some time talking to a few of the guys from Rhapsody, just like I did last year. The conversation touched a number of topics, but the one I found most interesting was the changing notion of music ownership. That is, now that most of us are at least familiar with streaming, on-demand music from pick-your-service (Imeem, Pandora, Spotify, Rhapsody, etc.), will people in the future still see music as a “thing” that they’ll own, or more like a service that they’ll tap into whenever the need arises? Will people still cling to a finite number of MP3s on their iPod, or will they prefer to have their music on The Cloud, using a device (say, the iPhone) that can call upon any song at will? A sort of, “Shoot, I wish I had that U2 song on my iPod right now” versus, “Here, let me stream that U2 song for you.” And, if people are becoming more comfortable with this type of music consumption, where does that leave traditional, download-to-own services like iTunes and Amazon MP3? The things we think about!

It’s like this: we’re right about at the point where most of us have a smartphone or other device that has a reasonably reliable, always-on Internet connection. As such, we’re right about at the point where a service—the aforementioned ones, or perhaps some new one—can came along and say, “Oh hai! You know, instead of taking your iPod with you everywhere you go, why not just connect your phone to our service? We have every song in recorded history in our database (“Cloud”), and they’re all yours, provided you pay us $15 per month. Think about it: every song ever, in the palm of your hands. That sure beats listening to the same MP3s over and over again, right?!” That’s a best case scenario, of course. While Rhapsody told me the record labels are now much easier to deal with than they were in the past—there’s still a few music executives yelling, “Go away, Internet!”—, we’re still a little bit away from having Everything Ever at our fingertips. On the technical side of things, that also assumes that our Internet connections are, indeed, sound as a pound (aside: I think that phrase needs to be updated!), something that any iPhone-using SXSW attendee will tell you isn’t exactly the case just yet.

But, for the purposes of this here article, let’s assume that all those problems have been solved. Let’s assume that the mobile Internet is fast, reliable and affordable, and that the record labels have opened up their vaults for placement in The Cloud; no technical issues remain. The only thing we have to confront now is the consumer and her listening habits: will they change? Have they already changed? Does Little Stacy, who’s currently in junior high and listens to music via YouTube and Imeem, portend an adult who won’t think of music in terms of CDs and MP3s, but of something that’s “just there,” for lack of a better term? She won’t have a personal music library, in the form of vinyl, CDs, MP3s, FLACs, or whatever; The Cloud will be her library, on which everything ever recorded will reside. The notion of “not having that album” will be totally alien to her; she has everything, always. No, she doesn’t own any of it—it belongs to the record labels, by way of your Rhapsody and Spotify (or whatever)—but it’s always available to her wherever she goes, so why should she care wether or not she “owns” it? Ownership, in this scenario, will become an antiquated concept, no longer applicable to current conditions, and Adult Stacy wouldn’t have it any other way. Nothing’s stopping Stacy from buying a physical copy of an album on some future whiz-bang format, which includes a super-de-dooper high quality copy of the album, but it would be the exception and not the rule. People still go camping (“roughing it”) even though they have fully decorated master bedroom they can sleep in.

But that describes Little Stacy, our hastily invented character who’s currently in junior high; at most she’s 13-year-old. What about Big Steve, who’s 15 years out of college and works in a spiffy office downtown? He still owns his music—in fact, he’s probably just getting used to buying songs off iTunes and the like—and the idea of songs “being there” is sorta weird to him. What if they’re not there? (Big Steve is a glass-half-empty kind of guy; blame the recession.) And even if the songs were there, why should he pay a monthly fee for an entire library of music he’ll never listen to? How is that better than having an iPod filled with only the songs he likes—he loves Danzig—without any garbage pop music getting in the way? A cynic could say, well, long-term, Big Steve is irrelevant, since he doesn’t buy new music anyway, and besides, it’s his kids whom the music industry will be targeting in a few years anyway. Let him “own” all the music he wants, since it’s only a matter of time till he isn’t even on the music industry’s radar. Of course, that completely ignores the fact that, with his fancy corner office, Big Steve has more disposable income to throw at the music industry (and the services we’ve been talking about) than Little Stacy ever will while she’s growing up. To ignore Big Steve, and all the dollar signs he represents, would be foolish. That’s not to say that Big Steve can’t still buy CDs and MP3s, of course, but the question here is whether or not people, in the future, will be comfortable with not owning music. And as people like Little Stacy use the aforementioned services, they’ll no doubt get used to it; it’ll be just another thing they do, like sending thousands of text messages per month or spending hours upon hours on Facebook.

Specific to Rhapsody, yes, you can now buy MP3s from their online store. (Even disruptive technologies and companies like to hedge their bets.) Whether or not that’s the way forward, or merely something done to placate the Big Steves of the world, is what we’re trying to determine. My guess? I hope they have house music in The Cloud.

(via crunchgear.com)

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Replies to This Discussion

People will pay where there is something worth paying for. This is a concept that seems to be largely ignored in the digital music space, where the two traditionally dominant mentalities for the monetization of digital music are "Let's replicate an archaic business model in the digital space and charge people for something that is of less value than free alternatives" and "There's no way to monetize, let's head for the hills."

So, I'll expand a bit upon my opening sentence: people will pay for what is better than what they can readily get for free. Companies will always be able to charge for the better-than-free up-sells, whether in the form of immediacy, packaging, personalization, experience, or any of the other reasons bottled water exists and "pirates" still go to the movies every Friday.

Where does the cloud fit into all this? Quite simply, it shoots monetization potential through the roof by opening up the possibility of a super-connected experience where your whole music representation is accessible through any medium -- your computer, your phone, your car, your yet-to-be-invented device that a high-schooler with basic programming experience can plug into The Ephemeral Music Cloud via an API. Up until the marketers started buzzing about this new mysterious cloud concept, the monetization focus was on single downloads, and that model was doomed to fail in the face of better illegal experiences.

But the cloud -- the cloud is different! The cloud is a concept that benefits greatly from stability, performance, and reliability. A company with a server budget can deliver a better experience than an illegal network without one, and a consumer faced with a choice of downloading illegally to their heart's content or paying a few dollars a month for unlimited music access now has an actual, viable option that gets artists paid while not leaving them feeling as though they're getting screwed by the industry they're trying to support.

The cloud is changing the concept of music ownership from "I need to retain a copy of this file" to "I need to have constant access to this song." That's another very powerful shift, because it allows all sorts of rich analytics to be derived, content targeting mechanisms to be put in place, and forward-compatible extensions to exist. The potential danger is in centralized control: if the cloud becomes a point of "Server DRM" where content owners use this single point of access to lock out certain types of use or to block certain types of content (and history has shown all sorts of tendencies of the content owners to drift toward these self-detrimental choices), the users of cloud music services will be yet again forced back into the illegal networks, until the content side has shrunken enough under crushing financial pressure that it comes to its senses and fully licenses the inevitable technologies that will allow music to reside in the cloud and be monetized while that happens.

How did the cloud change music ownership? It introduced a viable alternative to piracy. Let's see how quick the industry is to catch onto this.

I wouldn't be a good CTO if I didn't end this post with a shameless plug for my own company, Grooveshark.com, whose mission is built on these concepts I discussed above. You can't beat piracy unless you're better than piracy.

And before you hound me about the lack of truly universal Grooveshark access on all your snazzy smartphones -- we're working on it. ;-)
I attended CoolTech yesterday in Tampa. The keynote speaker, Philip Holt of EA Sport's Orlando Studio, "Tiburon", suggested the Cloud will dominate the gaming industry in the coming years. According to his data, the proportion of leisure time spent on the Internet is approaching that of TV. Moreover, Gen Y is consuming as much user produced content as professionally produced content. The take away is that EA Sports and other gaming companies are competing with kitsch YouTube channels and quick-and-dirty garage applets for market share. For the future, EA is developing device agnostic, multiple access point, user augmentable games, that can be paused, resumed, and completed over multiple sessions and devices. Start a game of golf on a Delta flight at 30,000 feet, continue it on your IPhone while waiting for your bag, and finish the back nine when you get home. Game on!

As the Cloud grows and develops, identity will trump device, protocol, communication technology, and location. These are all good and egalitarian things. But it appears to me that this trend makes identity theft and privacy issues all the more important. Investing in network and application security is a given; however, we also need to develop certification marks and other industry standards that help users intelligently share content. After all, you need to watch out for someone poaching more than your moves while you are playing in the clouds.

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